Masoumeh Akhlaghi; Majid Kamali; Farideh Dastsouz
Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, , Pages 181-188
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Vitamin D deficiency is implicated in a wide rangeof pathological situations including cardiovascular diseases.This study aimed to investigate the association between serum25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and risk factors of metabolicsyndrome and cardiovascular diseases.Methods: The ...
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AbstractBackground: Vitamin D deficiency is implicated in a wide rangeof pathological situations including cardiovascular diseases.This study aimed to investigate the association between serum25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and risk factors of metabolicsyndrome and cardiovascular diseases.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 169adults (88 males, 81 females) aged 19-52 years living in Shiraz,Iran. Anthropometric characteristics and blood pressure weremeasured using standard methods. Blood samples were collectedin fasting state for determination of blood glucose, lipids, and25(OH)D. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of varianceand linear regression using SPSS software.Results: Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were considerablyhigher in males. One third of females had vitamin D deficiency(25(OH)D <10 ng/ml) while one third of males exhibited25(OH)D levels >50 ng/ml. In males, systolic and diastolicblood pressure, triglycerides, and metabolic syndrome scoreincreased and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesteroldecreased across tertiles of serum 25(OH)D. On the contrary,in females body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndromescore decreased and HDL cholesterol increased across tertilesof 25(OH)D. Linear regression, after controlling for confoundingfactors, showed that diastolic blood pressure (B=0.07; 95% CI:0.02, 0.11; P=0.006), triglycerides (B=0.54; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.85;P=0.001), and metabolic syndrome score (B=0.01; 95% CI: 0.001,0.01; P=0.02) positively and HDL cholesterol (B=-0.05; 95% CI:-0.09, -0.01; P=0.02) inversely associated with tertiles of 25(OH)D concentrations in males. In contrast, BMI (B=-0.06; 95% CI:-0.11, -0.02; P=0.01), waist circumference (B= -0.12; 95% CI:-0.23, -0.01; p=0.04), and metabolic syndrome score (B=-0.02;95% CI:-0.03, -0.01; P=0.01) were inversely and HDL-C (B=0.16;95% CI: 0.02, 0.31; P=0.02) positively associated with 25(OH)D tertiles in females.Conclusion: The results suggest that both low and uppernormal levels of 25(OH)D are associated with increased risk ofcardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome.
Farideh Dastsouz; Majid Kamali; Fatemeh Sadeghi; Sasan Amanat; Masoumeh Akhlaghi
Volume 4, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 40-49
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Dietary pattern is an effective way of studying the effect of diet on diseases. We investigated the association between dietary patterns and blood pressure (BP) in adults aged 20-50 years.Methods: In a cross-sectional design, 418 individuals were selected through stratified multistage ...
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AbstractBackground: Dietary pattern is an effective way of studying the effect of diet on diseases. We investigated the association between dietary patterns and blood pressure (BP) in adults aged 20-50 years.Methods: In a cross-sectional design, 418 individuals were selected through stratified multistage random sampling from households living in different regions of Shiraz. Information on demographic characteristics, anthropometric features, dietary intakes, and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure was gathered. Dietary patterns were determined using a validated food frequency questionnaire.Results: Three dietary patterns were specified: vegetable (high in vegetables and legumes), Western-like (high in meat, sugarsweetened beverages, salty and sweet snacks, refined grains, high-fat dairy), and Mediterranean-like (rich in low-fat dairy, fruit, vegetables, nuts, olive, fish, and low in hydrogenated fats). After adjustment for confounders, Mediterranean-like dietary pattern had an inverse association with SBP (β=-0.24; 95% CI: -5.25, -1.27) and DBP (β=-0.17; 95% CI: -3.65, -0.20) in males but not females. Vegetable and Western-like dietary patterns were not associated with BP in either sex after adjusting for confounders. Positive relationships were observed between BP and body mass index (r=0.28 and 0.33 for SBP and DBP, P<0.001), waist circumference (r=0.51 and 0.45 for SBP and DBP, P<0.001), and waist-to-hip ratio (r=0.54 and 0.44 for SBP and DBP, P<0.001). Dietary energy and carbohydrates were positively and fats inversely associated with BP. Among micronutrients, vitamin E had a significant inverse association with BP.Conclusion: Mediterranean-like dietary pattern may lower the risk of hypertension in Shiraz males.